Scientific Method, Definition, Explanation, Characteristics,

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 Scientists take specific steps for doing scientific work are research. These steps are called the scientific method. For biological research these steps are called biological method. The following steps are involve in scientific method. Recognitions of a scientific problem observations ,hypothesis deduction ,experiments and results

(1) Recognitions of a scientific problem 

The first step involves identifying and defining a scientific problem that scientist want to investigate. Such problem is either asked by someone are comes in biologist mind by himself. For example a biologist notice that plants is an area are growing taller than usual. He develops a scientific problem. What factors are responsible for increasing growth of these plant? This problem becomes the starting point for a scientific inquiry.

(2) Observation

Scientist make observations about the problem. They use five senses for making observation. They also read and study the previous researches on the same are related problems. Observations may be qualitative and quantitative.
Qualitative observation
Definition,
Invoice observations that can be measure with number. For example the colour and texture of a flower.
Quantitative observation
Definition .
Involves measurements are numerical data that can be expressed in term of quantity. For example the number of bird in a tree.


(3)Hypothesis 

Hypothesis on the basis of observation scientist developed a statement that may prove the answers of scientific problem under study. Such tentative answer of scientific problem is called hypothesis. Scientist may many hypothesis for a single problem. Hypothesis has the following characteristics.
Characteristics 
(1) It is a proposed statement to answer the problem.
(2) It always match with the available observation.
(3) There is always a way to this prove the hypothesis
(4)It can be tested through experiment.


 (4)Deduction 

scientist develope logical result for their hypothesis. Sociological results of hypothesis are called deduction. Usually deductions follow the pattern of "if then" statement. Scientist assume that if hypothesis is true then what might be the results. For example
Hypothesis leaf decoloration and stunted growth in a plant are caused by a deficiency of iron in the soil.
Deduction if I and deficiency is causing the septum then adding iron to the soil will improve the colour of leaves and promote plant growth

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